Molecular Basis Of Inheritance Chapter-Wise Test 1

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which enzyme is responsible for removing supercoiling ahead of the replication fork?

DNA ligase
Helicase
Topoisomerase
Primase
3

Topoisomerase prevents excessive supercoiling of DNA ahead of the replication fork by cutting and rejoining the DNA strands.

Which of the following enzymes is responsible for synthesizing the lagging strand during DNA replication?

DNA polymerase I
DNA polymerase III
Ligase
Primase
2

DNA polymerase III synthesizes the lagging strand in short Okazaki fragments during DNA replication.

Which protein prevents the premature reannealing of DNA strands during replication?

Helicase
Topoisomerase
Single-strand binding proteins (SSBs)
Ligase
3

Single-strand binding proteins (SSBs) prevent the reannealing of separated DNA strands during replication.

Which of the following statements about the genetic code is incorrect?

It is universal
It is non-overlapping
It is ambiguous
It is degenerate
3

The genetic code is not ambiguous, meaning each codon specifies only one amino acid.

Which of the following is incorrect about post-transcriptional modifications?

Introns are removed from pre-mRNA by splicing.
A poly-A tail is added to the 5' end of mRNA.
A 5' cap is added to mRNA.
These modifications occur in the nucleus.
2

The poly-A tail is added to the 3' end of mRNA, not the 5' end.

Which of the following statements correctly describes semi-conservative DNA replication?

Each new DNA molecule consists of two newly synthesized strands
Each new DNA molecule consists of one parental and one newly synthesized strand
Both parental strands remain together in one daughter DNA molecule
DNA replication occurs only in one direction
2

In semi-conservative replication, each daughter DNA molecule consists of one parental and one newly synthesized strand.

What is the function of restriction endonucleases in DNA technology?

Synthesizing RNA from DNA
Cutting DNA at specific sequences
Repairing DNA mutations
Joining DNA fragments
2

Restriction endonucleases recognize and cut DNA at specific sequences, playing a crucial role in genetic engineering.

Which enzyme is responsible for removing RNA primers during DNA replication?

Helicase
DNA polymerase I
Topoisomerase
Ligase
2

DNA polymerase I removes RNA primers and fills the gaps with DNA nucleotides during replication.

Which type of mutation occurs when a nucleotide change results in a different amino acid being incorporated into a protein?

Silent mutation
Missense mutation
Nonsense mutation
Frameshift mutation
2

A missense mutation occurs when a nucleotide change results in a different amino acid being incorporated into the protein.

Which type of mutation results from the addition or deletion of a single nucleotide?

Point mutation
Frameshift mutation
Silent mutation
Missense mutation
2

A frameshift mutation results from the insertion or deletion of nucleotides, altering the reading frame of the genetic code.

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