Human Health And Disease Chapter-Wise Test 1

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which of the following statements about HIV/AIDS is incorrect?

HIV attacks CD4+ T-lymphocytes.
AIDS is caused by a bacterial infection.
HIV weakens the immune system over time.
HIV is transmitted through unprotected sexual contact and infected blood.
2

AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which is a retrovirus, not a bacterium.

Which organ is primarily affected in tuberculosis?

Liver
Lungs
Kidneys
Intestines
2

Tuberculosis primarily affects the lungs, causing symptoms such as persistent cough and difficulty in breathing.

Which of the following diseases is caused by a protozoan?

Tuberculosis
Diphtheria
Amoebiasis
Ringworm
3

Amoebiasis is caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica, which infects the human intestine.

Which preventive measure is most effective against air-borne diseases?

Using mosquito nets
Maintaining proper sanitation
Wearing masks and covering mouth while sneezing
Drinking clean water
3

Wearing masks and covering the mouth while sneezing help prevent the spread of air-borne diseases like pneumonia and common cold.

Which of the following statements about T-helper cells is correct?

T-helper cells produce antibodies.
T-helper cells activate other immune cells.
T-helper cells attack virus-infected cells directly.
T-helper cells are part of the innate immune system.
2

T-helper cells (CD4+ T-cells) play a crucial role in activating B-cells and cytotoxic T-cells to enhance immune responses.

Which of the following statements about histamine is correct?

Histamine is released by mast cells during allergic reactions.
Histamine acts as a neurotransmitter in immune responses.
Histamine inhibits inflammation.
Histamine is produced by B-cells.
1

Histamine is released by mast cells during allergic reactions, leading to inflammation and other symptoms.

Which of the following is a carcinogenic substance found in cigarette smoke?

Nicotine
Tar
Morphine
Cocaine
2

Tar in cigarette smoke contains carcinogens that increase the risk of lung cancer.

What type of immune response is responsible for graft rejection?

Humoral immunity
Cell-mediated immunity
Innate immunity
Passive immunity
2

Graft rejection is mediated by cell-mediated immunity, which involves T-lymphocytes recognizing and attacking foreign tissues.

Which of the following is an example of a physiological barrier in innate immunity?

Skin
Tears
Macrophages
Lymph nodes
2

Tears contain lysozyme, which acts as a physiological barrier by breaking down bacterial cell walls.

Which of the following statements about interferons is correct?

Interferons help in protecting cells from viral infections.
Interferons are produced by bacteria to fight infections.
Interferons are a type of antibody.
Interferons are responsible for allergic reactions.
1

Interferons are proteins produced by virus-infected cells to help protect neighboring cells from viral infections.

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