Excretory Products And Their Elimination Chapter-Wise Test 1

Correct answer Carries: 4.

Wrong Answer Carries: -1.

Which of the following helps in regulating kidney function?

Thyroxine
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Glucagon
Oxytocin
2

ADH regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys, helping to concentrate urine.

Which hormone inhibits the renin-angiotensin mechanism and promotes sodium excretion?

Aldosterone
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF)
Cortisol
3

Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) inhibits the renin-angiotensin system, promoting sodium excretion and lowering blood pressure.

Which of the following hormones regulates sodium ion reabsorption in the kidney?

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Aldosterone
Insulin
Glucagon
2

Aldosterone regulates sodium reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts, aiding in water retention.

Which blood vessel carries filtered blood away from the glomerulus?

Afferent arteriole
Efferent arteriole
Renal vein
Peritubular capillaries
2

The efferent arteriole carries blood away from the glomerulus after filtration.

Which type of nitrogenous waste requires the most water for excretion?

Uric acid
Urea
Ammonia
Creatinine
3

Ammonia is highly toxic and requires large amounts of water for its elimination, which is why it is excreted by aquatic organisms.

Which of the following statements about ADH is correct?

ADH decreases water reabsorption in the collecting ducts.
ADH increases urine production.
ADH helps in water retention by increasing permeability of collecting ducts.
ADH is secreted by the adrenal gland.
3

ADH increases water retention by making the collecting ducts more permeable to water.

Which statement about aldosterone is correct?

Aldosterone promotes sodium excretion and potassium reabsorption.
Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption in the nephron.
Aldosterone decreases blood pressure.
Aldosterone is secreted by the pituitary gland.
2

Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption, which helps maintain blood pressure.

What is the role of the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)?

Ultrafiltration of blood
Regulation of blood pressure
Reabsorption of sodium
Secretion of creatinine
2

The juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) helps regulate blood pressure by releasing renin, which activates the renin-angiotensin system.

Which of the following statements about urine formation is incorrect?

Filtration occurs in the glomerulus.
Reabsorption occurs in the proximal convoluted tubule.
The collecting duct is the main site for glucose reabsorption.
Secretion occurs in the distal convoluted tubule.
3

Glucose reabsorption occurs mainly in the proximal convoluted tubule, not in the collecting duct.

Which of the following statements about the glomerulus is correct?

The glomerulus filters blood and removes large proteins.
The glomerulus allows only small molecules like glucose and ions to pass through.
The glomerulus actively reabsorbs sodium ions.
The glomerulus secretes ADH for water retention.
2

The glomerulus filters blood, allowing only small molecules like glucose and ions to pass into Bowman’s capsule.

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